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First introduced into the US in Louisiana, water hyacinth has become a major problem in the state over the last century. LSU AgCenter adjunct professor Christopher Mudge discusses identification and control methods for water hyacinth.

[1] Center, T.D., Dray, F.A., Jubinsky, G.P., and Grodowitz, M.J. 2002. Insects and Other Arthropods That Feed on Aquatic and Wetland Plants. United States Department of Agriculture. 1870:110-123.

[2] Coetzee, J.A. and Hill, M.P. 2008. Biological control of water hyacinth – the South African experience. EPPO Bulletin. 38:458-463.

[3] Cozad, A., Brown, S., and Diaz, R. 2015. Water Hyacinth Weevils. Bug Biz. 3482:1-3.

[4] Jones, R.W., Hill, J.M., Coetzee, J.A., Hill, and M.P. 2017. The contributions of biological control to reduced plant size and biomass of water hyacinth populations. Hydrobiologia. 807:1:377-388.

[5] Langeland, K.A., Cherry, H.M., McCormick, C.M., and Craddock Burks, K.A. 2008. Identification and Biology of Non-Native Plants in Florida’s Natural Areas. University of Florida, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences. 257:45.

[6] Marlin, D., Hill, M.P., Ripley, B.S., Strauss, A.J., and Byrne, M.J. 2013. The effect of herbivory by the mite Orthogalumna terebrantis on the growth and photosynthetic performance of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes). Aquatic Botany. 104:60-69.

[7] Oberholzer, H. 2001. The Water Hyacinth Mite (Orthogalumna terebrantis) A natural enemy of Water Hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) in South Africa. Dossiers on Biological Control Agents Available To Aid Alien Plant Control. 19:1.

[8] Oberholzer, H. 2001. The Water Hyacinth Moth (Niphographa albiguttalis) A natural enemy of Water Hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) in South Africa. Dossiers on Biological Control Agents Available To Aid Alien Plant Control. 19:1.

[9] Villamagna, A.M., and Murphy, B.R. 2010. Ecological and socio-economic impacts of invasive water hyacinth (Eichhornia cassipes): a review. Freshwater Biology. 55:2:282-298.

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