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| Title | Pennington Chair for Wildlife Epidemiology |
| Department | Entomology Department |
| LFoil@agcenter.lsu.edu | |
| Address 1 | 412 Life Sciences Bldg. Baton Rouge, LA 70803 |
| Phone | 225-578-1825 |
| Fax | 225-578-1643 |
Phillips Foundation Fellowship, June, 1974 to March, 1975
Mississippi Entomological Society Outstanding Student Scholarship, 1976
Mississippi Entomological Society Merit Award for Outstanding Student Presentation, 1977
First Mississippi Corporation Award for Outstanding Research, 1993.
Ken Tipton Team Research Award for Outstanding Research, 2001.
ESA Recognition Award in Entomology, Southeastern Branch, 2004.
Doyle Chambers Award for Excellence in Research, 2006.
Pennington Endowed Chair, Bob Jones Wildlife Institute, 2012.
Miscellaneous International Travel Grants over $1,000
USDA/South F. F. Res. C., Grant #7008-20360-001A. Perm. Traps for tab. 1982-1984. $54,000.
USDA Southern Region IPM Program. Establishing Feasibility of Tabanid IPM Programs. 1986-1988. $60,000.
LSU Vet. Med. Equine Res. Program. Research on Culicoides hypersensitivity. 1986-1988. $8,000.
International Teaching and Res. Found. Agr. Sci. Visisting Scientist Support, 1987. $1,500.
Grayson Foundation, Mechanical Transmission of Equine Diseases.1988-1990. $55,500.
College of Agriculture Competitive Grant. Bluetongue Research. 1988-1990. $25,000.
USDA Southern Region IPM Program. Factors influencing tabanid incidence. 1989-1991. $75,000.
USDA/ARS. Insect Transmission of Bovine Retroviruses. Sept. 1990-Oct. 1991. $9,950.
NIH The Biology of Bartonella henselae Infection In The Cat Reservoir. K.L. O'Reilly, D.T.
Scholl, M.G. Groves, L.D. Foil, K.S. Harrington, J. Wendicamp. April 1996-March 1999.$103,122.35 .
Cross Sectional Study for the Description of West Nile Virus in Louisiana; Roy, Foil, Kousoulas, Mitchell and Perrich. LA BORSF funded 2002-2004; $154, 000.
Development of an Integrated Control Program for Stable Flies. SRIPM; Foil, Hogsette and Szalanski. Funded May 2003-September 2006. $88,793.
Husseneder, C., Foil, D.L., Cooper, R.K., and Enright, F. M. 2005. Engineering termite gut bacteria to express protozoicidal lytic peptides to control Formosan subterranean termites. LSU AgCenter. $40,000.
Development of Novel Techniques for Targeted Control of Phlebotomine Sand Flies. L.D. Foil. June 2005-June 2009. AFPMB. $310,430.
A Novel Approach to Managing Invasive Termite Species using Genetically Engineered Bacteria. Husseneder, C., Foil, L.D., Cooper, R.K., and Enright, F. M. March 2006-March 2008. Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP) funded. $99,943.
Characterizing the Epidemiology of Bluetongue Virus Serotype One in South Louisiana. Foil (PI) USDA CSREES Critical issues in new and emerging animal diseases 10/05-9/08. $80,000
Development of a multiplex PCR-based assay to detect target site resistance for pyrethroids and organophoshates in the horn fly. Foil, L.D, Guerrero. F., Temeyer, K.. July 1, 2006- July 30,2006. Louisiana EPSCoR Link. $5,000.
Role of fleas in transmission of rickettsiae: ecology of flea-borne spotted fever. Macaluso, K.R., Foil, L.D. Aug. 2007- Aug. 2010. NIH direct cost $364,000.
Control of the red imported fire ant using RNA interference and paratransgenesis. Husseneder, C., Colby, D., Foil, L. Collier, R., and Johnson, S. 2007. BAIT initiative, LSU AgCenter. $40,000.
Characterization of polymorphic microsatellite loci for population genetic analyses in the hornfly, Haematobia irritans. Husseneder, C. and L. Foil. 2008-2009. LA Board of Regents. $10,000.
Further Development of Novel Techniques for Targeted Control of Phlebotomine Sand Flies. L. Foil, T. Mascari, R. Stout, and E. Rowton. June 2008-June 2011. AFPMB. $737,439.
Novel Methods for Increasing the Efficiency of Gene Knockdown for Control of Red Imported Fire Ants. Foil, L.D., D. Colby, C. Husseneder, and S. Johnson. 2009-2010. LSU AgCenter. $34,000.
Designing ligand/lytic peptides to target surface receptors of the obligate gut protozoa of the Formosan subterranean termite. Husseneder, C., Sethi, A., Foil, L., and Richard, A. Biotechnology AgCenter Interdisciplinary Team (BAIT) initiative, LSU Agricultural Center. $34,000.
Field Evaluation of Novel Methods for the Control of P340hlebotomine Sand Flies in Egypt and Kenya. Foil, L.D. and T. Mascari. June 2009-June 2012. AFPMB. $281,324.
Development of a termite bait with yeast expressing protozoacidal lytic peptides as the active ingredient. Husseneder, C., Sethi, A., Foil, L., and Enright, F. M. 1/1/2010-12/31/2011. Biotechnology AgCenter Interdisciplinary Team (BAIT) initiative, LSU Agricultural Center. $40,000.
Developing new techniques to use in the integrated pest management of stable flies. Foil, L.D, S. Butler, G. Gentry, J. Hogsette, G. Scaglia. 2010-2013. USDA-RIPM. $156,457.
A Survey of Tabanid and Ceratopogonid Populations along Coastal Louisiana to Establish Baseline Data for Measuring the Impact of the BP Oil Spill on Tidal Marsh Communities. Foil, L.D. and C. Husseneder. July 1, 2010-June 30, 2012. NSF RAPID. $175,761.
Continued sampling of tabanid populations as indicators of acute and potentially chronic effects of oil spill stress on coastal marsh health. Foil, L.D. and C. Husseneder. July 2, 2011-
November 30, 2011. Gulf of Mexico Research Initiative Research Board-RFP III Competition. $80,898.
Development of IPM Strategies for Control of Phlebotomine Sand Flies. Foil, L.D. 2011-2016. SCA with USDA-ARS. $115,000.
Evaluation of Immune Response of White-tailed Deer Following Vaccination With Anti-Cattle Tick Vaccine Candidate Antigens. Foil, L.D and F. Guerrero. March 2012-September 2015. USDA-ARS, SPA. $27,000.
1 R56 AI104923-01 Macaluso (PI) 9/9/2013-8/31/2014
NIH/NIAID
Arthropod host-dependent influence on rickettsial pathogenicity.This study is designed to assess flea/rickettsiae relationship to identify determinant of rickettsial pathogenicity. $ 250,000 direct.
Role: Co-Pi
LDWF Bone Marrow. $25,000
1R01AI22672-01 Macaluso (PI) 12/1/2015-1/30/2020
NIH/NIAID
Emerging flea-borne rickettsial diseases: vector competence and transmission biology
This study is designed to assess flea/rickettsiae relationships to identify microbial determinants of vector competence.. $1.8 M Role: Collaborator
Tabanid populations and their food web as indicators of coastal marsh health. Foil, L.D. and C. Husseneder. Jan 1, 2016- December 30, 2019. Gulf of Mexico Research Initiative Research Board-RFP V Competition. $1.87 M
A Prospective Study On Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease Virus And Bluetongue Virus Transmission In Cervid And Cattle Populations. Foil, L.D. and C. Husseneder. Aug. 2017-July 2021. NIFA Animal Health grant. $490,000
Industry Grants and Contracts. Over $1,000,000.
U.S. Patent No. 6,635,740 Ligand/lytic peptide compositions and methods of use (2003) F.M. Enright, J.M. Jaynes, W. Hansel, K.L Koonce, S.M. McCann, Y.H. Yu, L.D. Foil, P.A. Melrose, and P.H. Elzer.
U.S. Patent No. 7,566,777 Genes encoding hormone and lytic peptides (2009) F.M. Enright, J.M. Jaynes, W. Hansel, K.L. Koonce, S.M. McCann, W.H. Yu, P.A. Melrose, L.D. Foil, and P.H. Elzer.
U.S. Patent No. 9,408,896 “Vaccination of companion animals to elicit a protective immune response against tick infestations and tick-borne pathogen transmission” (2016) F. Geurrero, B. Perez de Leon, and L Foil.
U.S. Patent No. 10,363,292 B2 “Vaccination with anti-tick Antigens to control multiple tick species and disease transmission in white-tailed deer and other host animals” (2019) A. Li, F. Guerrero, L. Foil and B. Perez de Leon.
1. Norment, B.R. and L.D. Foil. 1980. Histopathology and physiological action of venom from the brown recluse spider, Loxosceles reclusa. In Natural Toxins, Ed. Eaker and Wadstrom. Pergamon Press, N.Y. pp. 69-76.
2. Foil, L.D. and C.S. Foil. 1986. Parasitic Skin Diseases. Veterinary Clinics of North America-Equine Practice. (Vl. 2) Ed. R. Herd. Saunders Pub. Co. pp. 425-459.
3. Issel, C.J., R.C. Montelaro, and L.D. Foil. 1986. The virology of equine retroviruses. In Animal Models of Retrovirus Infections and Their Relationship to AIDS. Ed. L.A. Salzman. Academic Press. pp. 95-106.
4. Foil, L.D., W.V. Adams, J.M. McManus, and C.J. Issel. 1987. Quantifying the role of tabanids in equine infectious anemia virus transmission. In Equine Infectious Disease V. Ed. D.G. Powell. Univ. Press of Ky. pp. 189-195.
5. Foil, L. D. and C.S. Foil. 1990. Arthropod pests of horses. The Compendium of Continuing Educ. Pract. Vet. 12:723-736.
6. Foil, L.D. and C.J. Issel. 1991. Transmission of retroviruses by arthropods. Annual Review of Entomology. 36:355-381.
7. Foil, L.D. and C.S. Foil. 1992. Control of ectoparasites. In Current Therapy in Equine Medicine. Ed. N.E. Robinson. W.B. Saunders, Co., Philadelphia. pp. 688-692.
8. Issel, C.J., R.F. Cook, W.V. Adams, Jr., L.D. Foil, J.J. McClure, P.F. Haynes, and J.R. McClure, Jr. 1992. Foetal responses to experimental infection with a cell-adapted strain of equine infectious anaemia virus. IN Equine Infectious Diseases VI. Eds. W. Plowright, P.D. Rossdale and J.F. Wade. R&W Publications (Newmarket) Limited, Amersham. pp. 249-252.
9. Foil, L.D. and J.A. Hogsette. 1994. Biology and control of tabanids, stable flies and horn flies. Rev. Sci.Tech. Off. Int. Epiz. 13(4):1125-1158.
10. Foil, L.D. and J.R. Gorham. 2000. Mechanical transmission of disease agents by arthropods. In Medical Entomology: A textbook on public health and veterinary problems caused by arthropods. Kluwer Academic Publishers. Pp. 461-514.
11. Foil, L.D. and C.S. Foil. 2003. Control of Ectoparasites. In Current Therapy in Equine Medicine. Ed. N.E. Robinson. W.B. Saunders, Co., Philadelphia. Pp. 191-195.
12. Issel, C.J. and L.D. Foil. 2015. Equine infectious anaemia and mechanical transmission: man and the wee beesties. Rev. Sci.Tech. Off. Int. Epiz. 34: 513-523.
13. Foil, L.D. and T. Orihel. 1975. Dirofilaria immitis (Leidy, 1856) in the beaver, Castor canadensis.J. Parasitol. 61: 433.
14. Foil, L.D., J.L. Frazier, and B.R. Norment. 1979. Partial characterization of lethal and neuroactive components of the brown recluse spider, (Loxosceles reclusa) venom. Toxicon. 17: 347-354.
15. Foil, L.D., L.B. Coons, and B.R. Norment. 1979. Ultrastructure of the venom gland of the brown recluse spider, Loxosceles reclusa Gertsch and Mulaik (Araneae:Loxoscelidae). Int. J. Insect Morphol. & Embryol. 8: 325-334.
16. Foil, L.D. and B.R. Norment. 1979. Envenomation by Loxosceles reclusa: Review article. J. Med. Entomol. 16: 18-25.
17. Foil, L.D., H.W. Chambers, and B.R. Norment. 1980. Loxosceles reclusa venom component toxicity and interaction in Musca domestica. Toxicon. 18: 112-117.
18. Foil, L.D., H.W. Chambers, R.S. Stinson, and B. Glick. 1980. Immunological aspects of trio-o-totyl phosphate inducedelaed neurotoxicity in chickens. Toxic. Appl. Pharmacol. 56: 259- 264.
19. Foil, L.D., C.J. Issel, W.V. Adams, and C.L. Meek. 1983. Mechanical transmission of equine infectious anemia by deer flies (Chrysops) and stable flies (Stomoxys calcitrans). Am. J. Vet. Res. 44: 155-156.
20. Foil, L.D. 1983. A mark-recapture method for measuring effects of spatial separation of horses on tabanid (Diptera) movement between hosts. J. Med. Entomol. 20: 301-305.
21. Foil, L.D., W.V. Adams, Jr., C.J. Issel, and R. Pierce. 1984. Tabanid (Diptera) populations associated with an equine infectious anemia outbreak in an inapparently infected herd of horses. J. Med. Entomol. 21(1): 28-30.
22. Foil, L.D., D. Stage, and T. Klei. 1984. Assessment of wild-caught Culicoides (Ceratopogonidae) species as natural vectors of Onchocerca cervicalis in Louisiana. Mosq. News. 44: 204-206.
23. Issel, C.J. and L.D. Foil. 1984. Studies on equine infectious anemia virus transmission by insects. J. Am. Vet. Assoc. 184: 293-297.
24. Klei, T., B. Torbet, and L.D. Foil. 1984. Prevalence of Onchocerca cervicalis cervicalis in equids in the Gulf Coast region. Am. J. Vet. Res. 45: 1646-1647.
25. Foil, L.D., D. Stage, W.V. Adams, Jr., and C. J. Issel. 1985. Observations of tabanid feeding on mares and foals. Am. J. Vet. Res. 46: 1111-1113.
26. Foil, L.D., D. Satterlee, and L. Jacobs-Perry. 1985. Increased serum corticosterone levels in triorthotolyl phosphate-treated chickens. Bull. Environ. Cont. Toxicol. 34: 780-786.
27. Issel, C.J., W.V. Adams, Jr., and L.D. Foil. 1985. Prospective study of the progeny of inapparent equine carriers of equine infectious anemia virus. Am. J. Vet. Res. 46: 1114-1116.
28. Johnson, S.J., L.D. Foil, A.M. Hammond, and G.E. Church. 1985. Effects of environmental factors on phase variation in larval cotton leafworms, Alabama argillacea. Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. 78: 35-40.
29. Foil, L.D., T.R. Klei, R.I. Miller, G.E. Church, C.S. Foil, D.D. French, and J.N. Smith. 1987. Seasonal changes in density and tissue distribution of Onchocerca cericalis microfilariae in ponies and related changes in Culicoides variipennis populations in Louisiana. J. Parasitol. 73: 320-326.
30. Foil, L.D., W.V. Adams, Jr., J.M. McManus, and C.J. Issel. 1987. Bloodmeal residues on mouthparts of Tabanus fuscicostatus (Diptera: Tabanidae) and the potential for mechanical transmission of pathogens. J. Med. Entomol. 24: 613-616.
31. Leprince, D.L., L.D. Foil, and G.R. Mullen. 1988. Parasitism of Tabanus americanus (Diptera: Tabanidae) by Boophilus annualatus (Acari: Ixodidae). J. Entomol. Sci. 23: 274-275.
32. Higgins, J.A., T.R. Klei and L.D. Foil. 1988. Factors influencing the ingestion of Onchocerca cervicalis microfilariae by Culicoides variipennis (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). J. Am. Mosq. Control Assoc. 4: 242-247.
33. Foil, L.D., C.L. Seger, D.D. French, C.J. Issel, J.M. McManus, C.L. Ohrberg and R.T. Ramsey. 1988. The mechanical transmission of bovine leukemia virus by horse flies (Diptera: Tabanidae). J. Med. Entomol. 25: 374-376.
34. French, D.D., T.R. Klei, C.S. Foil, R.I. Miller, L.D. Foil, M.R. Chapman, and J.J. McClure. 1988. Efficacy of Ivermectin in paste and injectable formulations against microfilariae of Onchocerca cervicalis and resolution of dermatitis in horses. Am. J. Vet. Res. 49: 1550-1552.
35. Foil, L.D. and C.S. Foil. 1988. Dipteran parasites of horses. Equine Practice. 10: 21-38.
36. Issel, C.J., K. Rushlow, L.D. Foil, and R.C. Montelaro. 1988. A perspective on equine infectious anemia with an emphasis on vector transmission and genetic analysis. Vet. Microbiol. 17: 251-286.
37. Leprince, D.J., J.A. Higgins, G.E. Church, C.J. Issel, J.M. McManus and L.D. Foil. 1989. Body size of Culicoides variipennis (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) in relation to bloodmeal size estimates and the ingestion of Onchocerca cervicalis microfilariae. J. Amer. Mosq. Control Assoc. 5: 100-103.
38. Foil, L.D., D.J. Leprince, and G.E. Church. 1989. Changes in the parity rate of Tabanus fuscicostatus (Diptera: Tabanidae) populations associated with controlling available hosts. J. Med. Entomol. 26: 306-310.
39. Foil, L.D., D.D. French, P.G. Hoyt, C.J. Issel, D.J. Leprince, J. M. McManus, and C.L. Seger. 1989. Transmission of bovine leukemia virus by Tabanus fuscicostatus. Am. J. Vet. Res. 50: 1771-1773.
40. Foil, L.D. 1989. Tabanids as vectors of disease agents. Parasitol. Today. 5: 88-96.
41. Zyzak, M.D., D.J. Leprince, R.L. Byford and L.D. Foil. 1989. Toxicity of fenvalerate to five unfed species of tabanids and engorged Tabanus fuscicostatus Hine (Diptera: Tabanidae). J. Entomol. Sci. 24: 572-578.
42. Foil, L.D., D.J. Leprince, and R.L. Byford. 1990. Sublethal effects and mortality of tabanids (Diptera) induced by fenvalerate treatment of cattle. J. Entomol. Sci. 25: 294-302.
43. Foil, L.D., C.S. Foil, D.D. French, R.I. Miller, and T.R. Klei. 1990. The role of horn fly feeding in equine ventral midline dermatitis. Equine Practice. 12: 6-14.
44. Wieser-Schimpf, L., L.D. Foil, and F.R. Holbrook. 1990. Comparison of New Jersey light traps for collection of adult Culicoides variipennis (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). J. Amer. Mosq. Contr. Assoc. 6: 537-538.
45. Foil, L.D., T.N. Hardy, S.J. Johnson, G.E. Church, and A.M. Hammond. 1991. Effect of leaf age and photoperiod on Buck Moth (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae) larval and pupal development. J. Entomol. Sci. 26(3): 312-319.
46. Hribar, L.J., D.J. Leprince, and L.D. Foil. 1991. Design for a canopy trap for collecting horse flies (Diptera: Tabanidae). J. Am. Mosq. Control Assoc. 7(4): 657-659.
47. Leprince, D.J., L.J. Hribrar, R.T. Bessin, and L.D. Foil. 1991. Seasonal patterns of abundance of horse flies from two locations in southern Louisiana. Louisiana Acad. Sci. 54: 10-18.
48. Hribar, L.J., D.J. Leprince, and L.D. Foil. 1991. Increasing horse fly (Diptera: Tabanidae) catch in canopy traps by reducing ultraviolet light reflectance. J. Med. Entomol. 28(6): 874-877.
49. Foil, L.D., D.J. Leprince, and R.L. Byford. 1991. Survival and dispersal of horse flies (Diptera: Tabanidae) feeding on cattle sprayed with a sublethal dose of fenvalerate. J. Med. Entomol. 28(5): 663-667.
50. Leprince, D.J., L.D. Foil, and R.L. Byford. 1991. Evaluation of pyrethroid ear tag and spray treatment of cattle against horse flies (Diptera: Tabanidae). J. Entomol. Sci. 26: 271-280.
51. Weiser-Schimpf, L., L.D. Foil, and F.R. Holbrook. 1991. Effect of carbon dioxide on the collection of adult Culicoides spp. (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) by a new modification of black light New Jersey light traps. J. Amer. Mosq. Control Assoc. 7: 462-466.
52. Hribar, L.J., D.J. Leprince, and L.D. Foil. 1992. Ammonia as an attractant for adult Hybomitra lasiophthalma (Diptera: Tabanidae). J. Med. Entomol. 29: 346-348.
53. Hribar, L.J., D.J. Leprince, and L.D. Foil. 1992. Feeding sites of some Louisiana Tabanidae (Diptera) on fenvalerate treated and control cattle. J. Econ. Entomol. 85(6): 2279-2285.
54. Leprince, D.J., L.J. Hribar, and L.D. Foil. 1992. Evaluation of the toxicity and sublethal effects of lambda-cyhalothrin against horse flies (Diptera: Tabanidae) via bioassays and exposure to treated hosts. Bull. Entomol. Res. 82: 493-497.
55. Leprince, D.J., L.J. Hribar, and L.D. Foil. 1992. Similar reproductive status and body size of horse flies (Diptera: Tabanidae) attracted to carbon dioxide-baited canopy traps and Jersey bullock. J. Med. Entomol. 29(6): 1056-1059.
56. Henderson, G. and L.D. Foil. 1993. Efficacy of diflubenzuron in simulated household and yard conditions against the cat flea Ctenocephalides felis (Bouché) (Siphonoptera: Pulicidae). J. Med. Entomol. 30(3): 619-621.
57. Hasselschwert, D.L., D.D. French, L.J. Hribar, D.G. Luther, D.J. Leprince, M.J. Van Der Maaten, C.A. Whetstone, and L.D. Foil. 1993. Relative susceptibility of beef and dairy calves to infection by bovine leukemia virus via tabanid (Diptera: Tabanidae) feeding. J. Med. Entomol. 30(2): 472-473.
58. Leprince, D.J. and L.D. Foil. 1993. Variation of body size, bloodmeal size, egg volume and egg production of Tabanus fuscicostatus Hine (Diptera: Tabanidae). J. Med. Entomol. 30(5): 865-871.
59. Wieser-Schimpf, L., W.C. Wilson, D.D. French, A. Baham, and L.D. Foil. 1993. Bluetongue virus in sheep, cattle and Cuclicoides variipenis and C. stellifer(Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) in Louisiana. J. Med. Entomol. 30(4): 719-724.
60. Knaus, R.M., L.D. Foil, C.J. Issel, and D.J. Leprince. 1993. Insect blood meal studies using radiosodium. Mosquito Control. 9(3): 264-268.
61. Hribar, L.J. and L.D. Foil. 1994. Color and UV reflectance of canopy traps for collecting horse flies in Louisiana. Bull. Soc. Vector Ecol. 19(1): 49-52.
62. Leprince,D.J., L.J. Hribar, and L.D. Foil. 1994. Responses of horse flies (Diptera: Tabanidae) to jersey bullocks and canopy traps baited with ammonia, octenol, and carbon dioxide. J. Med. Entomol. 31(5): 729-731.
63. Foil, L.D. and H.J. Hogsette. 1994. Biology and control of tabanids, stable flies and horn flies. Rev. sci. tech. Off. int. Epiz. 13(4): 1125-1158).
64. Foil, L.D. and L.J. Hribar. 1995. Evaluation of tsetse baits for horse flies and deer flies (Diptera: tabanidae) in Louisiana. Fla. Entomol. 78(1): 130-133.
65. Morrison, D.G. and L.D. Foil. 1995. Effect of horn fly (Diptera: Muscidae) control during the spring calf production by fall-calving beef cows. J. Econ. Entomol. 88(1): 81-84.
66. Derouen, S.M., L.D. Foil, J.W. Knox, and J.M. Turpin. 1995. Horn fly (Diptera: Muscidae) control and weight gains of yealing beef cattle. J. Econ. Entomol. 88(3): 666-668.
67. Henderson, G., S.A. Manweiler, W.J. Lawrence, R.J. Templeman, and L.D. Foil. 1995. The effects of Steinernemacarpocapsae (Weiser) application to different life stages on adult emergence of the cat flea Ctenocephalides felis (Bouche). Vet. Dermatol. 6(3): 159-163.
68. Green, B.E., L.D. Foil, S.D. Hagius, and C.J. Issel. 1996. The stability of equine infectious anemia virus in Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae), Stomoxys calitrans (Diptera: Muscidae), and Tabanus fuscicostatus (Diptera: Tabindae) stored at -70oC. J. Am. Mosq. Control Assoc. 12(2): 334-336.
69. McCall,C., K. Stedman, D.E. Bevier, C.S. Foil, and L.D. Foil. 1997. Correlation of feline IgE, determined by FceRIa-based ELISA technology, and IDST to Ctenocephalides felis salivary antigens in a feline model of flea bite allergic dermatitis. Comp.Cont. Educ. Pract. Vol. 19(11): 29-32.
70. McDonald, B.J., C.S. Foil, and L.D. Foil. 1998. An investigation on the influence of feline allergy on the fecundity of the cat flea. Vet. Dermatol. 9: 75-79.
71. Foil, L.D., E. Andress, R.L. Freeland, A.F. Ray, R. Rutledge, P. Triche, and K. O’Reilly. 1998. Experimental infection of cats with Bartonella hensalae by inoculation of cat flea (Ctenocephalides felis (Bouche) (Siphonaptera: Pulicidae) feces. J. Med. Entomol.. 35 : 625-628.
72. Foil, L.D., G.R. Strother, J.A. Hawkins, S.J. Gross, D.F. Coombs, S.M. DeRouen, W.E. Wyatt, L.K. Kuyendall, and B.G. Spears, Jr. 1998. The use of Ivomec (Ivermectin) pour-on and permethrin ear tags for horn fly control. Southwest. Entomol. 23: 317-323.
73. Barros, A.T.M., M.W. Alison, Jr., and L.D. Foil. 1999. Evaluation of a yearly insecticidal ear tag rotation for control of pyrethroid-resistant horn flies (Diptera: Muscidae). Vet. Parasitol. 1570: 1-9.
74. Byford, R.L., M.E. Craig, S.M. DeRouen, M.D. Kimball, D.G. Morrison,W.E. Wyatt, and L.D. Foil. 1999. Influence of insecticide treatments on resistance in the horn fly (Diperta: Muscidae). Inter. Parasitol. 29: 125-135.
75. O'Reilly, K.L., R.W. Bauer, R.L. Freeland, L.D. Foil, K.J. Hughes, K.R. Rohde, A.F. Roy, R.W. Stout, and P.C. Trighe. 1999. Acute clinical disease in cats following an infection with a pathogenic strain of Bartonella hensalae (LSU16). Infect. Immun. 67: 3066-3072.
76. Foil, L.D. 1999. Comparison's of modified box traps for trapping tabanids (Diptera:Tabanidae) in Louisiana. Mem. Entomol. Int. 14: 397-404.
77. Owens, W.E., L.D. Foil, C.H. Ray, and S.C. Nickerson. 1999. Horn flies and mastitis development in dairy heifers. Louisiana Agriculture. 42(3): 23.
78. Barros, T. and L.D. Foil. 1999. Seasonal occurrence and relative abundance of Tabinidae (Diptera) from the Pantanal Region, Brazil. Mem. Entomol. Int. 14: 387-396.
79. Foil, L.D., M.W. Alison, Jr., S. Derouen, M. Kimball , D. Sanson, and W. Wyatt. 1999. Studies on horn fly control with insecticide ear tags and resistance management. The Louisiana Cattleman. 32: 27-36.
80. Bouyer, D.H., J. Stenos, P. Crocquet-Valdes, L.D. Foil, and D.H. Walker. 1999. The identification and characterization of a previously undiscovered rOmp-A- encoding gene in Rickettsia felis. Rickettsiae and Rickettsial Diseases at the Turn of the Third Millenium. Editions scientifiques et medicales Elsevier. pp 11-15.
81. Barros, A.T.M., E. Andress, M.E. Doscher,and L.D. Foil. 1999. Evaluation of chlorfennapyr ear tag efficacy and susceptability of horn flies to chlorfenapyr. Southwest. Entomol. 24: 331-334.
82. Andress, E.R., S.M. DeRouen, and L.D. Foil. 2000. Efficacy of doramectin 0.5% Pour-On for control of the horn fly, Haematobia irritans. Vet. Parasitol. 90: 327-331.
83. Lawrence, W. and L.D. Foil. 2000. The effects of flea egg consumption on larval cat flea (Siphonaptera:Pulicidae) development. J. Vector Ecol. 25(1): 98-101.
84. Wedincamp, J. Jr. and L.D. Foil. 2000. Infection and seroconversion of cats exposed to cat fleas (Ctenocephalides felis Bouche) Infected with Rickettsia felis. J. Vector Ecol. 25 No.1: 123-126
85. Moron, C.G., D.H. Bouyer, Yu X-J, L.D. Foil, P. Croquet-Valdes, and D.H. Walker. 2000. Phylogenetic analysis of rompB genes of Rickettsia felis and Rickettsia prowazekii European- human and North American flying squirrel strains. Amer J. Trop Med & Hyg 62: 598-603.
86. Barros, A.T.M., J. Ottea, D. Sanson, and L.D. Foil. 2001. Horn fly (Diptera: Muscidae) resistance to organophosphate insecticides. Vet. Parisitol. 2021: 1-14.
87. Bouyer, D.H., J. Stenos, P. Croquet-Valdes, C.G. Moron, V.L. Popov, J.E. Zavala-Velazquez, L.D. Foil, D.R. Stothar, A.F. Azad, and D.H. Walker. 2001. Rickettsia felis: the molecular characterization of a new member of the spotted fever group. Intl. J. System Evol. Microbiol. 51: 339-347.
88. Colombini, S., C.E. Hodgin,, C.S. Foil, G. Hosgood, and L.D. Foil,. 2001. Induction of feline allergy dermatitis and the incidence and histopathological characteristics of concurrent indolent lip ulcers. Vet. Dermatol. 12: 155-161.
89. Lawrence,W. and L.D. Foil. 2002. The effects of diet upon pupal development and cocoon formation by the cat flea (Siphonptera: Pulicidae). J. Vector Ecol. 27(1): 39-43.
90. Finkelstein, J. L., T.P. Brown, K.L. O’Reilly, J. Wedincamp, Jr., and L.D. Foil. 2002. Studies on the Growth of Bartonella henslae in the Cat Flea, Ctenocephalides felis (Siphonaptera: Pulicidae). J. Med. Entomol. 39(6): 915-919.
91. Guerrero, F. D., M.W. Alison, Jr., D.M. Kammlah, and L.D. Foil. 2002. Use of the Polymerase Chain Reaction to Investigate the Dynamics of Pyrethoid Resistance in Haematobia irritans irritans (Diptera: Muscidae). J. Med. Entomol. 39(5): 747-754.
92. Wedincamp, Jr., J. and L.D. Foil. 2002. Vertical Transmission of Rickettsia felis in the Cat Flea (Ctenocephalides felis). J. Vector Ecol. 27(1): 96-101.
93. Wedincamp, Jr., J. and L.D. Foil. 2003 Rickettsia feliz Infection in the Cat Flea (Siphonaptera: Pulcidae). J. Entomol. Sci. 38(2): 234-239.
94. Sanson, D.W., A.A. DeRosa, G.R. O’Remus, and L.D. Foil. 2003. Effect of horn fly and internal parasite control on growth of beef heifers. Vet. Parasitol. 117 (2003): 291-300.
95. Derouen, S.M., L.D. Foil, A.J. MacKay, D.E. Franke, D.W. Sanson, and W.E. Wyatt. 2003. Effect of Horn Fly (Haematobia irritans) Control on Growth and Reproduction of Beef Heifers. J. Econ. Entomol. 96: 1612-1616.
96. Sokolova, Y.Y., Bossard, R.L., Fuxa, J.R., Sanson, D.W., and L.D. Foil. 2004. The Microsporidium Thelohania Solenopsae in Red Imported Fire Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) From Louisiana Pastures. Southwest. Entomol. 29: 271-276.
97. Foil, L.D., Coleman, P., Garicia-Vazquez, Fragoso-Sanchez Z., Guerrero, F.D., Jonsson, N.N., Langstaff, I.G., Li, A., Machila, N., Miller, R.J., Morton, Pruett, J.H., and S. Torr. 2004. Factors That Influence the Prevelence of Acaricide Resistance and Tick-Borne Diseases. Vet. Parasitol. 2863: 1-19.
98. Foil, L.D., Guerrero, F., Alison, M.W., and M.D. Kimball. 2005. Association of the kdr and superkdr sodium channel mutations with resistance to pyrethroids in Louisiana populations of the horn fly, Haematobia irritans irritans (L.). Vet. Parasitol. 129: 149-158.
99. Mackay, A. and L.D. Foil. 2005. Seasonal and geographical distribution of adult Ixodes scapularis Say (Acari: Ixodidae) in Louisiana. J. Vector Ecol. 30: 1-3.
100. Foil, L. and C. Younger. 2006. Development of treated targets for controlling stable flies. (Diptera: Muscidae). Vet. Parasitol. 137: 311-315.
101. Mihok, S., Carlson, David A., Krafsur, E. S., and L.D. Foil. 2006. Performance of the Nzi and other traps for biting flies in North America. Bulletin of Entomological Research. 96: 387-397.
102. Oremus, G., Guerrero, F.D., Alison, M.W. Jr., Kimball, M.M., Kim, J.H., Foil, L.D. 2006. Effects of mid-season avermectin treatments on pyrethroid resistance in horn fly (Diptera: Muscidae) populations at three locations in Louisiana. Veterinary Parasitology. 141: 156-164.
103. Pornwiroon, W., S.S. Pourciau, L.D. Foil, and K.R. Macaluso. 2006. Isolation of Rickettsia felis from colonized cat fleas, Ctenocephalides felis, and culture in a tick-derived cell line. Appl Environ Microb. 72: 5589-95.
104. Sabio, I.J., A.J. Mackay, A. Roy, and L.D. Foil. 2006. Detection of West Nile Virus RNA in Pools of Three Species of Ceratopogonids (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) Collected in Louisiana. J Med Entomol. 43: 1020-1022.
105. Colby, D., L. Inmon, and L. Foil. 2007. Analysis of red imported fire ant worker head widths as an indicator of social form in Louisiana. J Entomol Sci. 42: 20-27.
106. Barros, A.T.M. and L. Foil. 2007. The influence of distance on movement of tabanids (Diptera: Tabanidae) between horses. Vet Parasitol. 144: 380-384.
107. Mascari, T.M., M.A. Mitchel, E.D. Rowton, and L.D. Foil. 2007. Laboratory Evaluation of Diflubenzuron as a Feed-through for the Control of Immature Sand Flies (Diptera: Psychodidae). J Med Entomol. 44: 171-174.
108. Mascari, T.M., M.A. Mitchell, E.D. Rowton, and L.D. Foil. 2007. Evaluation of Novaluron as a Feed-through for the Control of Immature Sand Flies (Diptera: Psychodidae). J Med Entomol. 44: 714-717.
109. Pornwiroon, W., M.T. Kearney, C. Husseneder, L.D. Foil, and K.R. Macaluso. 2007. Comparative microbiota of uninfected and Rickettsia-infected colonized cat fleas, Ctenocephalides felis. Environ Microbiol 1: 394-402.
110. Colby, D., C. Husseneder, and L.D. Foil. 2008. Microsatellite genotyping of red imported fire ant (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) colonies reveals that most colonies persist in plowed pastures. J Econ Entomol. 101(4): 1062-1067.
111. Guerrero, F. D., S. E. Dowd, V. M. Nene, and L. D. Foil. 2008. Expressed cDNAs from embryonic and larval stages of the horn fly (Diptera: Muscidae). J. Med. Entomol.. 45 (4): 686-692.
112. Hogsette, J.A., A. Nalli, and L.D. Foil. 2008. Development of treated targets for stable fly (Diptera: Muscidae) control: Evaluation of different insecticides and fabric types. J Econ Entomol. 101(3): 1034-1038.
113. Macaluso, K.R., W. Pornwiroon, V.L. Popov, and L.D. Foil. 2008. Identification of Rickettsia felis in the salivary glands of cat fleas. Vector-Borne Zoonot. 8(3): 391-396.
114. Mackay, A.J., A. Roy, M.M. Yates, and L.D. Foil. 2008. West Nile Virus detection in mosquitoes in East Baton Rouge Parish, Louisiana, from November 2002, to October, 2004. J Am Mosquito Contr. 24(1): 28-35.
115. Mascari, T.M., M.A. Mitchell, E.D. Rowton, and L.D. Foil. 2008.Ivermectin as a rodent feed-through insecticide for control of immature sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae). J Am Mosquito Contr. 24(2): 323-326.
116. Reif, K.E., R.W. Stout, G.C. Henry, L.D. Lane, and K.R. Macaluso. 2008. Prevelance and infection load dynamics of Rickettsia felis in actively feeding cat fleas. PLoS ONE. 3(7): doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0002805.
117. Scoles, G., J. Allen, A. Miller, and L.D. Foil. 2008. A comparison of the relative efficiency of biological transmission of Anaplasma marginale (Rickettsiales: Anaplasmataceae) by Dermacentor andersoni Stiles (Acari: Ixodidae) with mechanical transmission by the horse fly, Tabanus fuscicostatus Hine (Diptera: Muscidae). J Med Entomol. 45(1): 109-114.
118. Temeyer, K.B., A.Y. Li, K.H. Lohmeyer, A.C. Chen, P.U. Olafson, D.W. Sanson, and L.D. Foil. 2008. Acetocholinestera se mutation in diazinon-resistant Haemotobia irritans (L.) (Diptera: Muscidae). Vet Parisitol. 154: 300-310.
119. DeRouen, S.M., J.E. Miller, L.D. Foil, and G.T. Gentry. 2009. Control of horn flies (Haemotobia irritans) and gastrointestinal parasites and its relation with cow-calf performance. Vet Parasitol. 162 (3-4): 320-326.
120. Desquesnes, M., F. Biteau-Coroller, J. Bouyer, M.L. Dia, and L.D. Foil. 2009. Development of a mathematical model for mechanical transmission trypanosomes and other pathogens of cattle transmitted by tabanids. Int J Parasitol. 39 (3): 333-346.
121. Guerrero, F.D., S.E. Dowd, Y. Sun, L. Saldivar, G.B. Willey, S.L. Macmil, F. Najar, B.A. Roe, and L.D. Foil. 2009. Microarray analyses of female- and larval- specific gene expression in the horn fly, Haematobia irritans (Diptera:Muscidae). J Med Entomol. 46 (2): 257-270.
122. Mascari, T.M. and L.D. Foil. 2009. Evaluation of rhodamine B as an orally delivered biomarker for rodents and a feed-through transtadial biomarker for phlebotomine sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae). J Med Entomol. 46: 1131-1137.
123. Unlu, I. A.F. Roy, M. Yates, D. Garrett, H. Bell, T. Harden, and L. D. Foil. 2009. Evaluation of surveillance methods for detection of West Nile Virus activity in East Baton Rouge Parish, Louisiana, 2004-2006. J Am Mosquito Contr. 25 (2): 126-133.
124. DeRouen, S.M., J.E. Miller, and L.D. Foil. 2010. Control of horn flies (Haematobia irritans) and gastrointestinal nematodes and its relation with growth performance in stocker cattle. Prof Anim Sci. 26: 109-114.
125. Mackay, A.J., W. Kramer, J. K. Meece, R.T. Brumfield, and and L. D. Foil. 2010. Host feeding patterns of Culex mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) in East Baton Rouge Parish, Louisiana. J Med Entomol. 47(2): 238-248.
126. Becker, M., W.K. Reeves, S.K DeJean, M.P. Emery, E.N. Ostlund, and L.D. Foil. 2010. Detection of bluetongue virus RNA in field-collected Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) following the discovery of BTV-1 in white-tailed deer and cattle in Louisiana. J Med Entomol. 47(2): 269-273.
127. Mascari, T. and L.D. Foil. Laboratory evaluation of novaluron as a rodent feed-through insecticide against sand fly larvae (Diptera: Psychodidae). 2010. J. Med Entomol. 47(2): 205-209.
128. Mascari, T. and L.D. Foil. 2010. Laboratory evaluation of fluorescent biomarkers for sugar-feeding sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae). J Med Entomol. 47: 664-669.
129. Mascari, T. and L.D. Foil. 2010. Oral treatment of rodents with ivermectin for the control of Phlebotomus papatasi (Diptera: Psychodidae) under laboratory conditions. Vet. Parisitol. 171: 130-135.
130. Husseneder, C., S.P. Garner, L.D. Foil, and K. Macaluso. 2010. Development of Microsatellites for Genetic Analyses and Population Assignment of the Cat Flea (Siphonaptera: Pulicidae). J Med Entomol. 47(6): 1028-1033.
131. Unlu, I., A.J. Mackay, A. Roy, M.M. Yates, and L.D. Foil. 2010. Evidence of vertical transmission of West Nile Virus in field collected mosquitoes. J Vector Ecol. 36: 95-99.
132. Unlu, I., W.L. Kramer, A. Roy, and L.D. Foil. 2010. Detection of West Nile Virus RNA in Mosquitoes and Identification of Mosquito Blood Meals Collected at Alligator Farms in Louisiana. J. Med. Entomol. 47(4): 625Ð633 (2010); DOI: 10.1603/ME09087
133. Mascari, T. and L.D. Foil. 2010. Laboratory evaluation of insecticide-treated sugar baits for control of Phlebotomine sand flies Diptera: Psychodidae). J Am Mosquito Contr. 26 (4): 398-402.
134. Foil, L.D., F.D. Guerrero, and K.G. Bendele. 2010. Detection of target site resistance to pyrethroids and organophosphates in the horn fly using multiplex PCR. J Med Ent. 47: 855-861.
135. Husseneder C, Sethi A, Delatte J, Foil L 2010. Procedures for testing protozoacidal activity of ligand-lytic peptides against termite gut protozoa in vitro (protozoa culture) and in vivo (microinjection into termite hindgut). J Vis Exp 46:e2190.
136. Thepparit C., P. Sunyakumthorn, M.L. Guillotte, V.L. Popov, L.D. Foil, et al. 2011. Isolation of a rickettsial pathogen from a non-hematophagous arthropod. PLoS ONE 6(1): e16396. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0016396.
137. Mascari, T., M. Mitchell, E. Rowton, and L.D. Foil. 2011. Evaluation of juvenile hormone analogues as rodent feed-through insecticides for control of immature phlebotomine sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae). Med Vet Entomol. 25: 227-231.
138. Mascari, T.M., J. Clark, S. Gordon, M.A. Mitchell, E.D. Rowton, R. Stout, and L.D. Foil. 2011. Oral treatment of rodents with insecticides for control of sandflies (Diptera: Psychodidae) and the fluorescent tracer techniques (FTT) as a tool to evaluate potential sand fly control methods. J Vector Ecol. 36: S132-137.
139. Reif, K.E., M.T. Kearney, L.D. Foil, and K.R. Macaluso. 2011. Acquisition of Rickettsia felis by cat fleas during feeding. Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. Jan 11. PMID: 21214386.
140. Hirunkanokpun, S., C. Thepparit, L.D. Foil, and K.R. Macaluso. 2011 Horizontal transmission of Rickettsia felis between cat fleas, Ctenocephalides felis. Mol. Ecol. 20: 4577-4586.
141. Mascari, T.M., R.W. Stout, and L.D. Foil. 2012. Laboratory evaluation of rubidium as a long-lasting marker for bloodfeeding sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae). J. Med. Entomol. 49 (1): 227-230.
142. Schnellbacher, R.W., K. Holder, T. Morgan, L. Foil, H. Beaufrere, J. Nevarez, and T. N. Tully, Jr. 2012. Avian Simuliotoxicosis: Outbreak in Louisiana. Avian Diseases. 56(3): 616-620.
143. Palavesam, A., F. Guerrero, A. Perez de Leon, A. Heekin, J. Wang, S. Dowd, Y. Sun, and L. Foil. 2012. Pyrosequencing-based analysis of the microbiome associated with the horn fly, Haematobia irritans. PLoS ONE 7(9): e44390. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0044390
144. Mascari T.M., R.W. Stout, and L.D. Foil. 2012. Laboratory evaluation of oral treatment of rodents with systemic insecticides for control of blood feeding sand flies (Diptera:Psychodidae). Vector Borne and Zoonotic Diseases. 12(8): 699-704.
145. Mascari, T.M., R.W. Stout, and L.D. Foil. 2012. Evaluation of three feed-through insecticides using two rodent and two sand fly species as models. J. Am. Mosq. Control Assoc. 28: 260-262.
146. Mascari TM, Stout RW, Foil LD. 2013. Oral treatment of rodents with fipronil for feed-through and systemic control of sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae). J Med Entomol. 50: 122-125.
147. Mascari TM, Stout RW, Clark JW, Gordon SW, Bast JD, Foil LD. 2013. Insecticide-treated rodent baits for sand fly control. Pest Biochem Phys. 106: 113-117.
148. Mascari TM, Hanafi HA, Jackson RE, Ouahabi S, Ameur B, Faraj C, Obenauer PJ, Diclaro II JW, Foil LD. 2013. Ecological and control techniques for sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) associated with rodent reservoirs of leishmaniasis in Morocco. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 7: e2434. doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0002434
149. Chutima Thepparit, Supanee Hirunkanokpun, Vsevolod L Popov, Lane D Foil and Kevin R Macaluso. 2013. Dissemination of bloodmeal acquired Rickettsia felis in cat fleas, Ctenocephalides felis. Parasites & Vectors. 6:149. doi:10.1186/1756-3305-6-149.
150. Luísa N. Domingues, Felix D. Guerrero, Michael E. Becker, Montgomery W. Alison, Lane D. Foil. 2013. Discovery of the Rdl mutation in association with a cyclodiene resistant population of horn flies, Haematobia irritans (Diptera: Muscidae). Veterinary Parasitology. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vetpar.2013.08.023
151. C Husseneder, J. Delatte, J. Krumholt, and L. Foil. 2014. Development of microsatellites for population genetic analyses a of the green head horse fly, Tabanus nigrovittatus (Diptera: Tabanidae). J. Med. Entomol. 51:114-118. http://www.bioone.org/doi/full/10.1603/ ME13093).
152. F Baldacchino, M Desquesnes, S Mihok, L Foil, G Duvallet and S Jittapalapong. 2014. Tabanids: neglected subjects of research, but important vectors of disease agents! Infection, Genetics and Evolution. 28: 596-615.
153. Luísa N. Domingues, Felix D. Guerrero, and Lane D. Foil. 2014. Simultaneous Detection of Pyrethroid, Organophosphate, and Cyclodiene Target Site Resistance in Haematobia irritans (Diptera: Muscidae) by Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction. J Med Entomol. 51: 964-970.
154. Sethi A, Delatte J, Foil L, Husseneder C. 2014. Protozoacidal Trojan-Horse: Use of a Ligand-Lytic Peptide for Selective Destruction of Symbiotic Protozoa within Termite Guts. PLoS ONE 9(9): e106199. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0106199
155. Mark G. Ruder, Timothy J. Lysyk, David E. Stallknecht, Lane D. Foil, Donna J. Johnson, Christopher C. Chase, David A. Dargatz, E. Paul J. Gibbs. 2015. Transmission and epidemiology of bluetongue and epizootic hemorrhagic disease in North America: current perspectives, research gaps and future directions. Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases. 15: 335-347.
156. C.J. Issel and L.D. Foil. 2015. Equine infectious anaemia and mechanical transmission: man and the wee beasties. Rev. Sci. Tech. Off. Int. Epiz. 34: 513-523.
157. LD Brown, RC Christofferson, KH, Banajee, F. Del Piero, LD Foil, KR Macaluso. Cofeeding intra- and interspecific transmission of an emerging insect-borne rickettsial pathogen. Molecular ecology. 2015;24(21):5475-89.
158. Husseneder, C., Donaldson, J. R., and Foil, L. D. 2016. Impact of the 2010 Deepwater Horizon oil spill on population size and genetic structure of horse flies in Louisiana marshes. Nature Scientific Reports 6:18968; DOI: 10.1038/srep18968 Impact Factor 5.58.
159. Husseneder, C., Donaldson, J. R., and Foil L. D. 2016. Genetically Engineered Yeast Expressing a Lytic Peptide from Bee Venom (Melittin) Kills Symbiotic Protozoa in the Gut of Formosan Subterranean Termites. PLoS ONE 11(3): e0151675.
160. Brown, L. D., Kaikhushroo H. Banajee, Lane D. Foil and Kevin R. Macaluso 2016. Transmission mechanisms of an emerging insect-borne rickettsial pathogen. Parasites & Vectors20169:237.
161. Daniel R. Swalea, Zhilin Lia, Felix Guerrero, Adalberto A. Pérez De León, Lane D. Foil. 2017. Role of inward rectifier potassium channels in salivary gland function and sugar feeding of the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology. 141: 41-49 doi: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2016.11.005
162. Healy, S. P., L. D. Brown, M. R. Hagstrom, L. D. Foil and K. M. Macaluso. 2017. Effect of Rickettsia felis strain variation on infection, transmission, and fitness in the cat flea (Siphonaptera: Pulicidae). J. Med. Entomol. 54: 1037-1043.
163. Hogsette, J. and L. Foil. 2018. Blue and Black Cloth Targets: Effects of Size, Shape, and Color on Stable Fly (Diptera: Muscidae) Attraction. Journal of Economic Entomology, toy015, https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/toy015
164. Husseneder, C., Park J., & Foil, L. D. 2018 Recovery of horse fly populations in Louisiana marshes following the Deepwater Horizon oil spill. Sci. Rep., 8, DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-31442-1
165. Brito, L., Barbier, F., Rocha, R., Santos, A., Silva, R., Ribeiro, E., Guerrero, F., Foil, L., Oliveira, M. 2018. Pyrethroid and organophosphate pesticide resistance in field populations of horn fly in Brazil. Medical and Veterinary Entomology, doi: 10.1111/mve.12330
166. Domingues, L, F. Guerrero, C. Cameron, A. Farmer, K.Bendele, and L.Foil. 2018. The assembled transcriptome of the adult horn fly, Haematobia irritans. Data in Brief 19. 1933–1940.
167. Swale, D, Zhilin L., J. Kraft, K. Healy, M. Liu, C. David, Z. Liu, and L. Foil. 2018. Development of an autodissemination strategy for the deployment of novel control agents targeting the common malaria mosquito, Anopheles quadrimaculatus say (Diptera: Culicidae). PLoS Negl Trop Dis 12(4): e0006259. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0006259
168. Zhilin Li, Kevin R. Macaluso, Lane D Foil, Daniel R Swale. 2019. Inward Rectifier Potassium (Kir) Channels mediate salivary gland function and blood feeding in the Lone Star Tick, Amblyomma americanum. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases (IF: 4.4). 13(2): e0007153
169. Foil, L., K. Thomas, and C. Hussenender. 2019. Invertebrate Population and Community Studies for Assessing Coastal Gulf of Mexico Environmental Health in the Aftermath of the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill. Proc. The Gulf of Mexico Workshop on International Research. Ed. Larry McKinney, Mark Besonen, Kim Withers. Pp. 111-121.
170. Domingues, L., Felix D. Guerrero, Lane D. Foil. 2019. Impacts of long-term insecticide treatment regimens on skdr and kdr pyrethroid resistance alleles in horn fly field populations. Parasitology Research. 118(9):2485-2497 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-019-06386-8
171. Becker M., Sean Healy, Will Forbes, Jonathan Roberts, James LaCour, Lane D. Foil. 2020. Temporal aspects of postmortem detection of bluetongue and epizootic hemorrhagic disease viruses in the bone marrow of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus). Journal of Wildlife Diseases 56: 58-65. doi: 10.7589/2019-01-011.
172. Becker, M., Jonathan Roberts, Megan E. Schroeder, Glen Gentry, and Lane D. Foil. 2020. Prospective Study of Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease Virus and Bluetongue Virus Transmission in Captive Ruminants. Journal of Medical Entomology, 57(4), 1–9 doi: 10.1093/jme/tjaa027
173. Zhilin Li, Felix Guerrero, Adalberto A. Pérez de León, Lane D. Foil, and Daniel R. Swale. 2020. Small-Molecule Inhibitors of Inward Rectifier Potassium (Kir) Channels Reduce Bloodmeal Feeding and Have Insecticidal Activity Against the Horn Fly (Diptera:Muscidae). Journal of Medical Entomology, 57(4), 1131-1140 doi: 10.1093/jme/tjaa015
174. Domingues, L.N., G. D. Solis, K. G. Bendele, L. D. Foil, A. A. Perez de Leon, and F. D. Guerrero. 2020 Sequence and transcript expression of the super‐kdr locus of the horn fly, Haematobia irritans. Med. Vet. Entomol. 34(3) 374-378, https://doi.org/10.1111/mve.12442
175. Tomlinson Joy, Mason Jager, Alyssa Struzyna, Melissa Laverack, Lisa Ann Fortier, Edward Dubovi, Lane D. Foil, Peter D. Burbelo, Thomas J. Divers, and Gerlinde R. Van de Walle. 2020. Tropism, pathology, and transmission of equine parvovirus-hepatitis Emerging Microbes and Infections. 9. 651-663, doi.org/10.1080/22221751.2020.1741326
176. Becker, M; Jeong-Seok Park, Glen Gentry, Claudia Husseneder, and Lane Foil. 2021. Comparison of trapping methods for use in surveys for potential Culicoides vectors of orbiviruses Parasites & Vectors. 14:564 https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-021-05059-9
177. Claudia Husseneder, Devika R. Bhalerao, and Lane D. Foil. 2022. "Was the Decline of Saltmarsh Tabanid Populations After the 2010 Oil Spill Associated with Change In the Larval Food Web?." Ecosphere, v. 13 ,.7 pp. e4157. doi: 10.1002/ecs2.4157
178. Jin, T., Husseneder, C., Foil, L.D. 2022. Assigning Culicoides larvae to species using DNA barcoding of adult females. Parasites & Vectors 15:349 https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-022-05479-1
179. Claudia Husseneder, Patrick Rayle, Benjamin G. Aker, W. Kelley Thomas, Lane D. Foil. 2022.A comparison of intertidal metazoan biodiversity among different salinity zones of Louisiana coastal marshes. Front. Environ. Sci.,Sec. Freshwater Science. Volume 10 - 2022 | https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2022.950527
180. Kylie G. Bendele, Deanna M. Bodine, Qiang Xu, Lane D. Foil, Connor Cameron, Adalberto Perez de Leon, Andrew Farmer, Ernie Retzel, Victoria Moore, Kimberly H. Lohmeyer and Felix D. Guerrero, 2022. The adult horn fly transcriptome and its complement of transcripts encoding cytochrome P450s, glutathione S-transferases, and esterases, Veterinary Parasitology, (2022) doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetpar.2022.109699
181. Kylie G. Bendele, Felix D. Guerrero, Kimberly H. Lohmeyer, Lane D. Foil, Richard P. Metz, Charles D. Johnson. 2023. Horn fly transcriptome data of ten populations from the southern United States with varying degrees and molecular mechanisms of pesticide resistance. Data in Brief https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2023.109272 2352-3409
182. Benjamin G. Aker, Claudia Husseneder and Lane D. Foil. 2023. The influence of salinity and vegetation texture on the ecological roles of insects in tidal marshes in Louisiana. Ecoshphere. DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.4692
183. Michael Becker, Glen Gentry, Claudia Husseneder, Lane Foil. 2024. Seven-year prospective study on yearly incidence of Orbivirus infection of captive white-tailed deer and potential Culicoides vectors. Journal of Medical Entomology, 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1093/jme/tjae006
Foil, L. D., and C. J. Issel. 1982. Equine infectious anemia--living with the disease. La. Agr. 25(3):8-9.
Foil, L. D. 1989. Horse Fly Transmission of Bovine Leukemia Virus. Beef Cattle Research Report. The Louisiana Cattleman. 22:5.
Foil, L. D. 1989. Controlling the Impact of Horse Flies. Beef Cattle Research Report. The Louisiana Cattleman 22:5.
Foil, L. D., D. G. Luther, B. Green, J. Knox, D. Morrison, and W. Wyatt. 1990. Effectiveness of commercially available insecticide eartags for horn fly control in 1989. LA Cattleman. 23(5):11.
Foil, L. D., D. J. Leprince, W. V. Adams, R. L. Byford, G. E. Church, C. J. Issel, K. J. Sonnier, and M.D. Zyzak. 1990. Controlling the impact of horse flies and deer flies upon livestock. Louisiana Agriculture 34:16-1
Foil, L.D., D.G. Luther, M.W. Alison, Jr., S. Derouen, M. Kimball, J. Knox, D. Morrison, and W. Wyatt. 1993. Studies on horn fly control with insecticide ear tags and resistance. LA Cattleman. 26(5): 15, 31.
Foil, L.D., S.M. Derouen, and D.G. Morrison. 1996. Economic benefits of horn fly control for beef production: fall-calving cows and stocker cattle. La.Agr. 39(2): 12-13.
Derouen, S.M., L.D. Foil, and D.G. Morrison. 1996. The influence of horn fly control on beef production for fall-calving cows and yearling stocker cattle. LA Cattleman. 29: 17-19.
Foil, L.D., M.W. Alison, Jr., S. Derouen, M. Kimball, D. Sanson, and W. Wyatt. 1997. Studies on horn fly control with insecticide ear tags and resistance. LA Cattleman. 30(4): 37,41,44,50.
Foil, L.D., S.M. DeRouen, and D.G. Morrison. 1997. Economic benefits of horn fly control for beef production: fall-calving cows and stocker cattle. LA Agriculture. 29: 83-85.
Foil, L.D. and D. Morrison. 1999. Controlling horn flies on beef cattle. Louisiana Farmer. 9: SB20, SB22.
Foil,L.D., Alison,Montgomery, Derouen,Sidney M., Kimball,Millard, Morrison, David G., Sanson,David W., Wyatt,Wayne E. 2000. Horn Flies. Louisiana Agriculture Vol. 43, #4: 21-23.
Morrison, D. and L.D. Foil. 2000. New opportunities in horn fly control. Southern Beef Producer. Pgs. SB24-SB28.
Foil, L.D., M.W. Alison, Jr., S. Derouen, M. Kimball, D. Sanson, and W. Wyatt. 2002. Studies on horn fly control with insecticide ear tags and resistance management. LA Cattleman. 35(4): 10-13.
DeRouen, S.M., Foil, L.D., MacKay, A.J., Franke, D.E., Sanson, D.W., Wyatt, W.E. 2003. The Impact of Horn Fly Control on Beef Replacement Heifers. LA Cattleman. 36(7): 11, 12, 15.
DeRouen, S., J. Miller, L.D. Foil and G. Gentry. 2009. Evaluation of horn flies and internal parasites with spring calving cows and calves. 2009 LSU AgCenter Beef and Forage Report. Louisiana Agric. Exp. Sta. 35:47-50.
DeRouen, S., J. Miller and L. Foil. 2009. Evaluation of horn flies and internal parasites with growing beef cattle grazing bermudagrass pastures. 2009 LSU AgCenter Beef and Forage Report. Louisiana Agri. Exp. Sta. 35:43-46.
Foil, L.D., L. Hooper-Bui, D. Colby, G. Gentry, W. Hilbun, L. Inmon, and S. Johnson. 2010. Balancing benefits and damage from fire ants in pastures. 53 (4): 32-33.
Husseneder C. and L. Foil 2014 Fishermen’s Blood-Sucking Nemesis, the Greenhead Horse Fly, As a Bioindicator of Marsh Health after the 2010 Oil Spill. Louisiana Agriculture. 57: p 18
L. Foil, M. Becker, and C Husseneder. 2020. Louisiana Agriculture. Fatal Virus Diseases of Deer Transmitted by Insects. Vol. #63, No. #2. Spring 2020 Pp. 16-17.”
Foil, L. D. 1986. Don't Bug My Horse, Horse Flies. In "Horsin' Around". La. Coop. Ext. Ser. 5(3):2-4.
Foil, L. D. 1986. Don't Bug My Horse, Muscoid Flies. In "Horsin' Around". La. Coop. Ext. Ser. 5(4):1-4.
Foil, L. D. 1986. Don't Bug My Horse, Mosquitos. In "Horsin' Around". La. Coop. Ext. Ser. 5(5):1-2.
Foil, L. D. 1986. Don't Bug My Horse, Winter Pests. In "Horsin' Around". La Coop. Ext. Ser. 5(6):2-5.
Foil, L. D. 1988. Don't Bug My Horse, Biting Gnats. In "Horsin' Around". La. Coop. Ext. Ser. 7(2):1-4.
Foil, L. D. 1988. Don't Bug My Horse, Insecticides. In "Horsin' Around". La. Coop. Ext. Ser. 7(3):1-4.
Baldwin, J.L., L.D. Foil, and J.A. Hogsette. 1996. Important Fly Pests of Louisiana Beef Cattle. La. Coop. Ext. Ser. Pub. 2617. pp. 1-19.
Baldwin, J.L., and L.D. Foil. 2002. Control of External Parasites of Beef Cattle. LA Coop. Ext. Ser. Pub. 1418. Pp 1-8.
Baldwin, J. and L. Foil. Control external parasites of beef cattle. 2007. LCES Pub. 1418. (On-line only) Rev. 3/07.
Abstracts and Producer Reports: 1983-2004 (over 40)
Proceedings and Research Reports: 1981-2003 (over 15)
Invited Lectures: 1982-2010 (over 30) including ESA Highlights of Veterinary Entomology
Examples of meetings attended where senior author lectures were presented: (All senior author; others not recorded):
American Association of Veterinary Parasitology
American Society of Parasitology
American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
Animal Disease Research Workers Conference
Entomological Society of America (multiple years)
ESA Southeastern Branch (multiple years).
International Chemoreception Workshop on Insects
International Congress Entomology (multiple years)
Louisiana Electron Mic. Society
Louisiana Entomological Society
Mississippi Academy of Science
Mississippi Entomological Society
NEC 26 Tabanid Workshop (hosted once)
SEB Southeastern Branch Entomological Society of America (Multiple years. Most of my graduate students gave their first presentation at this event)
World Congress of Veterinary Dermatology (1989)
International Conference on Equine Infectious Diseases (1987, 1991)
International Congress of Dipterology, 2002.
Rosepine Research Station (multiple)
Dean Lee Research Station 1990
Hill Farm Research Station 1990
Red River Research Station 1990
Iberia Cattleman Association 1990
Dean Lee Research Station 1993
Sixth Annual Farm Forum, New Roads 1996
Red River Research Station 1996
Hill Farm Research Station 1996
Hill Farm Research Station, 2002
Iberia Cattleman Association 2020
My career is likely most associated with studies of tabanid biology, which are well documented in the CV. They have ranged from vector importance, potential management of burdens, and vector ecology to using population genetics and density for measuring impacts of environmental disasters. I have summarized a few programs that have been significant contributions to science. In preparing this short narrative, I was satisfied to discover a theme of trying to provide targeted methods for mitigating problems that ultimately were coupled with less dependence on use of insecticides.
Mechanical transmission: One of my two programs that have successfully produced information that was primary to area-wide programs for reduction of transmission of vector-borne agents of diseases was on Equine Infectious Anemia (EIA) which had a major impact on beasts of burden and recreational equids worldwide. I teamed with other scientists to identify the important elements in the transmission of the retrovirus that causes EIA. My group identified the relative importance of insect and iatrogenic transmission and measured tabanid behavioral responses to equine defensive actions. Our group also described the interactions of pathogen pathology and clinical status of horses in the initial risk categories of transmission. Those studies contributed to the body of knowledge that led to the discontinued used of multiple use needles and spatial segregation of infected and uninfected animals (19,21,23,27,36,39,68,106). I then took these concepts to a broader view to compare the potential of insects being the primary vector of blood and retroviruses between hosts including cattle and humans (3,6,12,33,39,57,60,117). Ultimately, the mechanical transmission of blood-borne agents was included in a work on mechanical transmission of pathogens in general (10).
Tabanid biology: Measuring effects of spatial separation of horses on tabanid movement between hosts showed that, following an interrupted bloodmeal, flies returned to the original host rather than transfer to another when the distance was greater than 50 M, describing associations between tabanid populations and EIAV transmission, and making the first observations that juvenile horses (later other ungulate species) were exempt from tabanid (later other biting fly species) attack (20, 21, 25). These were important observations in developing area-wide programs to reduce mechanical transmission of pathogens of beasts of burden worldwide. However, the question of how to control the impact of tabanid attacks on animals persisted. The reproductive potential of most tabanid species precludes making an impact on annual populations. We did large scale parity rate studies using control and treated cattle to demonstrate that conclusion (38). We did show that certain insecticide treatments could mitigate approximately one third of the feeding time of flies and blood loss (41, 42, 50), but also that flies knocked down by pyrethroid treatments survived in the forest floor and subsequently obtained bloodmeals several days later (49). These studies were not trivial, and provided talking points to explain why there are limited gains when using insecticide treatments when compared to using spatial barriers and reduction of iatrogenic transmission to mitigate mechanical transmission of agents of disease.
Resistance management: In the 1990s, control techniques for horn flies (the primary economic pest of cattle) became centered on use of insecticide impregnated ear tags which were cheap to produce and long acting, but their use was clearly driving resistance,
product failure and producer dissatisfaction. To approach the needs of the producers, I arranged to provide products to 8 different Louisiana Experiment Stations in exchange for monitoring of fly burden by staff. Each year, flies were collected pre and post treatment, tested for phenotype susceptibility to insecticides and stored for future lab assays. Fly burden data provided outreach recommendations on product and application methods and timing for producers (9, 72, 82) as well as measures of resistance (134, 150). The economic impact of horn flies on cattle estimates had been built on studies with pure bred beef cattle while the primary beef cattle in the South are crossbred. The structure of the program allowed generation of data on weight gains needed to demonstrate to producers the value of the number of weeks of control and targeting treatment for growing animals rather than entire herds for the entire summer (65, 94,95,124). Studies revealed product efficacy and application timing were important, but that resistance management was critical for sustainable profits (73, 74, 102, 170). By mining the fly repository, we began to sort out the mechanisms of resistance (86, 98). Those outputs were used to develop PCR assays for target site resistance and select synergists for demonstrating the importance of different enzyme classes in resistance. Those tools were used to develop field tests for measuring both phenotypes and genotypes of resistance in horn fly populations at different locations and interpret the effectiveness of different resistance management strategies. The project approach used resources at hand to grow an area of research that produced outputs of over 10 outreach (achieving producer buy in) and over 30 peer reviewed articles, 2 Ph.D.’s, 1 M.S., and results that guide continued studies on the molecular mechanisms and evolution of enzymatic and target site mechanisms of resistance (111, 121, 166, 173, 174, 180). Providing information on targeting treatments for economic gain and resistance management rather than herd-wide treatments shows how to have both economic gain and reduce insecticide use.
Vector Biology: My studies in this area have been supported by NIH, NSF, DOD and AFRI. The primary vectors studied have been ceratopogonids (22, 29, 32, 59, 126, 178, 183), mosquitoes (114,123,125,131,132), fleas (69,71,83,84,90,92,113,130,140) and sand flies. The array of pathogens was broad Including description of the North America vector of the horse filarid parasite Onchocerca cervicalis, vector parasite interactions, and ultimately methods of therapy (22, 24, 29, 32, 34). We were the first to show that the transmission of cat scratch fever was in fact via the flea feces containing Bartonella hensalae (71,75, 90) and that Ricketssia felis was vertically maintained in cat fleas and horizontally transmitted to vertebrates via the salivary route (92, 93, 113). The vector biology studies on mosquitoes were primarily on WNV during its exponential spread and introduction into Louisiana. The studies on ceratopogonids have been focused on the Orbiviruses BTV and EHDV which are pathogens of ruminants (cattle and White-tailed deer) Our studies on sand flies started with little known about sand fly control and ultimately led to area-wide transmission control programs (in Iran and Israel for example) were based upon the observation that sand fly larvae feed on rodent feces in foci where Leishmania major is an important zoonotic agent. We first showed that rodent food containing adulticides and feed-through larvicides were effective in controlling the larvae feeding on feces and adults feeding on gerbils and then
found tracers that would mark rodents that fed on the baits we developed, the adult female sand flies that fed on the marked rodents, and the adult male and female sand flies that fed on the rodent feces as larvae (115,122,127,128,129,133,137,138,141,145,146) Using baits containing our tracers with or without insecticides, we showed in field studies in Kenya and Morocco that the bait applications suppressed sand fly populations by both feed-through and adulticide activity (147,148). The targeted control programs using rodent baits offer tremendous opportunity to obtain suppression of transmission of Leishmania parasites while greatly reducing the indiscriminate use of residual insecticide treatments.
Professor, LSU, Veterinary Entomology. Teaching and Research
Associate Professor, LSU, Veterinary Entomology. Teaching and Research
Assistant Professor, LSU, Veterinary Entomology. Teaching and Research
Research Associate, Mississippi State University. Research in medical entomology and toxicology.
Auburn University, B.S. Zoology, 1971
University of Mississippi Medical Center, M.S. Preventive Medicine/Minor in Medical Microbiology, Hugh L. Keegan, Major Professor, March 1, 1975
Mississippi State University, Ph.D., Medical Entomology/Minor in Biochemistry, B.R. Norment, Major Professor, May, 1978
The LSU AgCenter and the LSU College of Agriculture
