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A vine species newly documented in Louisiana, Luffa quinquefida (Hook. & Arn.) Seem., has been confirmed as an emerging weed pest in sugarcane production. (See images below.) This marks the first documented occurrence of this species in Louisiana. The identification was made through a collaborative effort with Dr. Chris Reid, LSU School of Renewable Natural Resources.
Native to a region spanning western Mexico to Nicaragua, L. quinquefida was first observed in a sugarcane field in St. John the Baptist Parish. Subsequent reports have confirmed its presence in St. James and Assumption Parishes, indicating that the species may be expanding its range within the state.
Luffa quinquefida poses a serious concern for sugarcane growers due to its aggressive vine growth habit. The plant is capable of completely collapsing sugarcane stalks, creating significant challenges during harvest. Its vines can wrap around scrolls and rollers on sugarcane combines, greatly reducing harvest efficiency and increasing equipment interference.
Early detection is critical to prevent further spread and minimize production losses.
Several key features can help distinguish L. quinquefida from other vine species found in Louisiana sugarcane fields:
Some growers have mistakenly identified this species as smellmelon (Cucumis melo), underscoring the importance of careful identification.
Preliminary research suggests that effective preemergence and postemergence herbicide options are available for managing L. quinquefida in sugarcane. Ongoing studies are focused on better understanding the plant’s biology, life cycle, and optimal management strategies.
Researchers are actively documenting new occurrences to better track its distribution across Louisiana.
Growers, consultants, and industry professionals are encouraged to report suspected sightings of Luffa quinquefida. If you observe this plant in your area, please call Dr. Renee Naquin at 225-562-2320 or by email at rcastro@agcenter.lsu.edu so that researchers can continue to document its spread and improve management recommendations for Louisiana sugarcane production.
The images below show the different growth stages and field appearance of this vine, from seedling and flowering to fruit development and impacts in sugarcane.
Yellow flowers of Luffa quinquefida with deeply five lobed leaves growing along the ground.
Aa yellow Luffa quinquefida flower attached to a vine.
Dried Luffa quinquefida fruit with outer pericarp removed, showing fibrous interior next to a penny.
Luffa quinquefida fruit progression from green immature fruit to dark brown mature fruit.
Luffa quinquefida vines spreading along the ground within a sugarcane field.
Luffa quinquefida leaves and vines growing among standing sugarcane plants.
Single deeply five lobed leaf of Luffa quinquefida.
Young Luffa quinquefida seedling showing cotyledons and first true leaf.
Dense Luffa quinquefida vines causing sugarcane lodging and plant collapse.
